Since Muammar Gaddafi was ousted in 2011, the media landscape in Libya has been unstable and fragmented.
Between 2014 and 2021, the existence of competing governments in the west and east led to political and media polarization as well as enduring rivalry between major players.
Parallel "state media" operated by the two administrations are being combined as part of a renewed effort to reconcile under a single interim administration.
Editorial positions change depending on the military and political environment.
Disinformation has been fueled by the conflicting narratives on social media and television. Media messaging also involves foreign actors whose interventions in Libya have grown.
With numerous outlets and different platforms, the media landscape is diverse. One of the top news channels is satellite TV. The social media pages of stations are important news sources. Some well-known publications are based outside of Libya.
Threats and attacks are directed at both local and foreign journalists. Despite infrastructure constraints, internet usage is steadily increasing.
Facebook is still the most popular social media site, and it is used for official announcements, political debate, and public mobilization. By December 2021, there were 6.6 million internet users, or 94 percent of the population (Worldinternetstats.com).
- Al-Shuruq is a weekly with a Tripoli base.
- Cairo-based weekly called Al-Wasat.
- Weekly Brnieq from Benghazi.
- Both English and Arabic are published by The Libyan Address.
- Private satellite station 218 TV is based in Jordan. runs 218 News as well.
- Private satellite channel Libya al-Ahrar TV is currently based in Turkey.
- Private satellite station Al-Salam TV is based in Turkey.
- Private, connected to the family of Gen. Haftar is Libya al-Hadath.
- Al-Rasmeya and Al-Wataniya, based in Tripoli, are the Government of National Unity (GNU)'s (GNU) media outlets.
- Private, satellite-based Al-Wasat is based in Cairo.
- Private, satellite-based, and based in Amman is Libya's Channel.
- Wataniya is a Tripoli-based, state-run company.
- Private Tripoli FM station.
- Tripoli's Lebda FM - private.
- Benghazi-based Libyana Hits is a private company.
- Private, Egyptian-based Al-Wasat broadcasts on FM in Libyan cities.
- Libyan Arab News Agency (Lana) – In 2021, the parallel east and west "state" news organizations, both going by the names of Wakalat al-Anba al-Libiyah (WAL) or Libyan Arab News Agency (Lana), announced that they would merge.
- Islamist-affiliated, Tripoli-based Arraed News Network.
- London-based news website Ean Libya.
- European-backed Libyan Cloud News Agency, based in Tunis.
- News website Al-Wasat is based in Cairo.
- Rome-based news source Fassato News Agency.
- News from Libya Herald in English.
- Web site for news, Afrigate News.
- Aggregator for blogs, All Libyan Blogs.
